Merge fd9c033176 into fae2d5efb6

* do not pad tx during sync phase

* add pad data store

* support async padding after sync phase

* split misc

* add sleep for the next loop

README.md

@@ -2,69 +2,32 @@
 
 ## Overview
 
-0G Storage is the storage layer for the ZeroGravity data availability (DA) system. The 0G Storage layer holds three important features:
+0G Storage is a decentralized data storage system designed to address the challenges of high-throughput and low-latency data storage and retrieval, in areas such as AI and gaming. 
 
-* Buit-in - It is natively built into the ZeroGravity DA system for data storage and retrieval.
-* General purpose - It is designed to support atomic transactions, mutable kv stores as well as archive log systems to enable wide range of applications with various data types.
-* Incentive - Instead of being just a decentralized database, 0G Storage introduces PoRA mining algorithm to incentivize storage network participants.
+In addition, it forms the storage layer for the 0G data availability (DA) system, with the cross-layer integration abstracted away from Rollup and AppChain builders.
 
-To dive deep into the technical details, continue reading [0G Storage Spec.](docs/)
+## System Architecture
 
-## Integration
+0G Storage consists of two main components:
 
-We provide a [SDK](https://github.com/0glabs/0g-js-storage-sdk) for users to easily integrate 0G Storage in their applications with the following features:
+1. **Data Publishing Lane**: Ensures quick data availability and verification through the 0G Consensus network.
+2. **Data Storage Lane**: Manages large data transfers and storage using an erasure-coding mechanism for redundancy and reliability.
 
-* File Merkle Tree Class
-* Flow Contract Types
-* RPC methods support
-* File upload
-* Support browser environment
-* Tests for different environments (In Progress)
-* File download (In Progress)
+Across the two lanes, 0G Storage supports the following features:
 
-## Deployment
+* **General Purpose Design**: Supports atomic transactions, mutable key-value stores, and archive log systems, enabling a wide range of applications with various data types.
+* **Incentivized Participation**: Utilizes the PoRA (Proof of Random Access) mining algorithm to incentivize storage network participants.
 
-Please refer to [Deployment](docs/run.md) page for detailed steps to compile and start a 0G Storage node.
+For in-depth technical details about 0G Storage, please read our [Intro to 0G Storage](https://docs.0g.ai/og-storage).
 
-## Test
+## Documentation
 
-### Prerequisites
+- If you want to run a node, please refer to the [Running a Node](https://docs.0g.ai/run-a-node/storage-node) guide.
+- If you want build a project using 0G storage, please refer to the [0G Storage SDK](https://docs.0g.ai/build-with-0g/storage-sdk) guide.
 
-* Required python version: 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, higher version is not guaranteed (e.g. failed to install `pysha3`).
-* Install dependencies under root folder: `pip3 install -r requirements.txt`
+## Support and Additional Resources
+We want to do everything we can to help you be successful while working on your contribution and projects. Here you'll find various resources and communities that may help you complete a project or contribute to 0G. 
 
-### Dependencies
-
-Python test framework will launch blockchain fullnodes at local for storage node to interact with. There are 2 kinds of fullnodes supported:
-
-* Conflux eSpace node (by default).
-* BSC node (geth).
-
-For Conflux eSpace node, the test framework will automatically compile the binary at runtime, and copy the binary to `tests/tmp` folder. For BSC node, the test framework will automatically download the latest version binary from [github](https://github.com/bnb-chain/bsc/releases) to `tests/tmp` folder.
-
-Alternatively, you could also manually copy specific version binaries (conflux or geth) to the `tests/tmp` folder. Note, do **NOT** copy released conflux binary on github, since block height of some CIPs are hardcoded.
-
-For testing, it's also dependent on the following repos:
-
-* [0G Storage Contract](https://github.com/0glabs/0g-storage-contracts): It essentially provides two abi interfaces for 0G Storage Node to interact with the on-chain contracts.
-  * ZgsFlow: It contains apis to submit chunk data.
-  * PoraMine: It contains apis to submit PoRA answers.
-* [0G Storage Client](https://github.com/0glabs/0g-storage-client): It is used to interact with certain 0G Storage Nodes to upload/download files.
-
-### Run Tests
-
-Go to the `tests` folder and run the following command to run all tests:
-
-```
-python test_all.py
-```
-
-or, run any single test, e.g.
-
-```
-python sync_test.py
-```
-
-## Contributing
-
-To make contributions to the project, please follow the guidelines [here](contributing.md).
+### Communities
+- [0G Telegram](https://t.me/web3_0glabs)
+- [0G Discord](https://discord.com/invite/0glabs)

common/contract-interface/src/lib.rs

@@ -15,19 +15,13 @@ abigen!(
 );
 
 #[cfg(feature = "dev")]
-abigen!(
-    ZgsFlow,
-    "../../0g-storage-contracts-dev/artifacts/contracts/dataFlow/Flow.sol/Flow.json"
-);
+abigen!(ZgsFlow, "../../storage-contracts-abis/Flow.json");
 
 #[cfg(feature = "dev")]
-abigen!(
-    PoraMine,
-    "../../0g-storage-contracts-dev/artifacts/contracts/miner/Mine.sol/PoraMine.json"
-);
+abigen!(PoraMine, "../../storage-contracts-abis/PoraMine.json");
 
 #[cfg(feature = "dev")]
 abigen!(
     ChunkLinearReward,
-    "../../0g-storage-contracts-dev/artifacts/contracts/reward/ChunkLinearReward.sol/ChunkLinearReward.json"
+    "../../storage-contracts-abis/ChunkLinearReward.json"
 );

node/log_entry_sync/src/sync_manager/mod.rs

@@ -277,6 +277,9 @@ impl LogSyncManager {
                                 .remove_finalized_block_interval_minutes,
                         );
 
+                    // start the pad data store
+                    log_sync_manager.store.start_padding(&executor_clone);
+
                     let (watch_progress_tx, watch_progress_rx) =
                         tokio::sync::mpsc::unbounded_channel();
                     let watch_rx = log_sync_manager.log_fetcher.start_watch(
@@ -509,6 +512,7 @@ impl LogSyncManager {
                 }
             }
             self.data_cache.garbage_collect(self.next_tx_seq);
+
             self.next_tx_seq += 1;
 
             // Check if the computed data root matches on-chain state.

node/miner/src/miner_id.rs

@@ -5,17 +5,20 @@ use ethereum_types::Address;
 use ethers::contract::ContractCall;
 use ethers::contract::EthEvent;
 use std::sync::Arc;
+use storage::log_store::log_manager::DATA_DB_KEY;
 use storage::H256;
 use storage_async::Store;
 
 const MINER_ID: &str = "mine.miner_id";
 
 pub async fn load_miner_id(store: &Store) -> storage::error::Result<Option<H256>> {
-    store.get_config_decoded(&MINER_ID).await
+    store.get_config_decoded(&MINER_ID, DATA_DB_KEY).await
 }
 
 async fn set_miner_id(store: &Store, miner_id: &H256) -> storage::error::Result<()> {
-    store.set_config_encoded(&MINER_ID, miner_id).await
+    store
+        .set_config_encoded(&MINER_ID, miner_id, DATA_DB_KEY)
+        .await
 }
 
 pub(crate) async fn check_and_request_miner_id(

node/pruner/src/lib.rs

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use std::str::FromStr;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::time::Duration;
 use storage::config::{ShardConfig, SHARD_CONFIG_KEY};
-use storage::log_store::log_manager::PORA_CHUNK_SIZE;
+use storage::log_store::log_manager::{DATA_DB_KEY, FLOW_DB_KEY, PORA_CHUNK_SIZE};
 use storage_async::Store;
 use task_executor::TaskExecutor;
 use tokio::sync::{broadcast, mpsc};
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ impl Pruner {
             .update_shard_config(self.config.shard_config)
             .await;
         self.store
-            .set_config_encoded(&SHARD_CONFIG_KEY, &self.config.shard_config)
+            .set_config_encoded(&SHARD_CONFIG_KEY, &self.config.shard_config, DATA_DB_KEY)
             .await
     }
 
@@ -265,17 +265,22 @@ impl Pruner {
             .set_config_encoded(
                 &FIRST_REWARDABLE_CHUNK_KEY,
                 &(new_first_rewardable_chunk, new_first_tx_seq),
+                FLOW_DB_KEY,
             )
             .await
     }
 }
 
 async fn get_shard_config(store: &Store) -> Result<Option<ShardConfig>> {
-    store.get_config_decoded(&SHARD_CONFIG_KEY).await
+    store
+        .get_config_decoded(&SHARD_CONFIG_KEY, DATA_DB_KEY)
+        .await
 }
 
 async fn get_first_rewardable_chunk(store: &Store) -> Result<Option<(u64, u64)>> {
-    store.get_config_decoded(&FIRST_REWARDABLE_CHUNK_KEY).await
+    store
+        .get_config_decoded(&FIRST_REWARDABLE_CHUNK_KEY, FLOW_DB_KEY)
+        .await
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug)]

node/router/src/libp2p_event_handler.rs

@@ -1054,8 +1054,7 @@ mod tests {
             let (sync_send, sync_recv) = channel::Channel::unbounded("test");
             let (chunk_pool_send, _chunk_pool_recv) = mpsc::unbounded_channel();
 
-            let executor = runtime.task_executor.clone();
-            let store = LogManager::memorydb(LogConfig::default(), executor).unwrap();
+            let store = LogManager::memorydb(LogConfig::default()).unwrap();
             Self {
                 runtime,
                 network_globals: Arc::new(network_globals),

node/src/client/builder.rs

@@ -89,10 +89,9 @@ impl ClientBuilder {
 
     /// Initializes in-memory storage.
     pub fn with_memory_store(mut self) -> Result<Self, String> {
-        let executor = require!("sync", self, runtime_context).clone().executor;
         // TODO(zz): Set config.
         let store = Arc::new(
-            LogManager::memorydb(LogConfig::default(), executor)
+            LogManager::memorydb(LogConfig::default())
                 .map_err(|e| format!("Unable to start in-memory store: {:?}", e))?,
         );
 
@@ -110,13 +109,11 @@ impl ClientBuilder {
 
     /// Initializes RocksDB storage.
     pub fn with_rocksdb_store(mut self, config: &StorageConfig) -> Result<Self, String> {
-        let executor = require!("sync", self, runtime_context).clone().executor;
         let store = Arc::new(
             LogManager::rocksdb(
                 config.log_config.clone(),
                 config.db_dir.join("flow_db"),
                 config.db_dir.join("data_db"),
-                executor,
             )
             .map_err(|e| format!("Unable to start RocksDB store: {:?}", e))?,
         );

node/storage-async/src/lib.rs

@@ -74,9 +74,11 @@ impl Store {
     pub async fn get_config_decoded<K: AsRef<[u8]> + Send + Sync, T: Decode + Send + 'static>(
         &self,
         key: &K,
+        dest: &str,
     ) -> Result<Option<T>> {
         let key = key.as_ref().to_vec();
-        self.spawn(move |store| store.get_config_decoded(&key))
+        let dest = dest.to_string();
+        self.spawn(move |store| store.get_config_decoded(&key, &dest))
             .await
     }
 
@@ -84,10 +86,12 @@ impl Store {
         &self,
         key: &K,
         value: &T,
+        dest: &str,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         let key = key.as_ref().to_vec();
         let value = value.as_ssz_bytes();
-        self.spawn(move |store| store.set_config(&key, &value))
+        let dest = dest.to_string();
+        self.spawn(move |store| store.set_config(&key, &value, &dest))
             .await
     }
 

node/storage/benches/benchmark.rs

@@ -14,23 +14,14 @@ use storage::{
     },
     LogManager,
 };
-use task_executor::test_utils::TestRuntime;
 
 fn write_performance(c: &mut Criterion) {
     if Path::new("db_write").exists() {
         fs::remove_dir_all("db_write").unwrap();
     }
-    let runtime = TestRuntime::default();
-
-    let executor = runtime.task_executor.clone();
 
     let store: Arc<RwLock<dyn Store>> = Arc::new(RwLock::new(
-        LogManager::rocksdb(
-            LogConfig::default(),
-            "db_flow_write",
-            "db_data_write",
-            executor,
-        )
+        LogManager::rocksdb(LogConfig::default(), "db_flow_write", "db_data_write")
             .map_err(|e| format!("Unable to start RocksDB store: {:?}", e))
             .unwrap(),
     ));
@@ -114,17 +105,8 @@ fn read_performance(c: &mut Criterion) {
         fs::remove_dir_all("db_read").unwrap();
     }
 
-    let runtime = TestRuntime::default();
-
-    let executor = runtime.task_executor.clone();
-
     let store: Arc<RwLock<dyn Store>> = Arc::new(RwLock::new(
-        LogManager::rocksdb(
-            LogConfig::default(),
-            "db_flow_read",
-            "db_data_read",
-            executor,
-        )
+        LogManager::rocksdb(LogConfig::default(), "db_flow_read", "db_data_read")
             .map_err(|e| format!("Unable to start RocksDB store: {:?}", e))
             .unwrap(),
     ));

node/storage/src/log_store/config.rs

@@ -2,16 +2,55 @@ use anyhow::{anyhow, Result};
 use kvdb::{DBKey, DBOp};
 use ssz::{Decode, Encode};
 
+use crate::log_store::log_manager::{COL_MISC, DATA_DB_KEY, FLOW_DB_KEY};
 use crate::LogManager;
 
-use super::log_manager::COL_MISC;
+macro_rules! db_operation {
+    ($self:expr, $dest:expr, get, $key:expr) => {{
+        let db = match $dest {
+            DATA_DB_KEY => &$self.data_db,
+            FLOW_DB_KEY => &$self.flow_db,
+            _ => return Err(anyhow!("Invalid destination")),
+        };
+        Ok(db.get(COL_MISC, $key)?)
+    }};
+
+    ($self:expr, $dest:expr, put, $key:expr, $value:expr) => {{
+        let db = match $dest {
+            DATA_DB_KEY => &$self.data_db,
+            FLOW_DB_KEY => &$self.flow_db,
+            _ => return Err(anyhow!("Invalid destination")),
+        };
+        Ok(db.put(COL_MISC, $key, $value)?)
+    }};
+
+    ($self:expr, $dest:expr, delete, $key:expr) => {{
+        let db = match $dest {
+            DATA_DB_KEY => &$self.data_db,
+            FLOW_DB_KEY => &$self.flow_db,
+            _ => return Err(anyhow!("Invalid destination")),
+        };
+        Ok(db.delete(COL_MISC, $key)?)
+    }};
+
+    ($self:expr, $dest:expr, transaction, $tx:expr) => {{
+        let db = match $dest {
+            DATA_DB_KEY => &$self.data_db,
+            FLOW_DB_KEY => &$self.flow_db,
+            _ => return Err(anyhow!("Invalid destination")),
+        };
+        let mut db_tx = db.transaction();
+        db_tx.ops = $tx.ops;
+        Ok(db.write(db_tx)?)
+    }};
+}
 
 pub trait Configurable {
-    fn get_config(&self, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Vec<u8>>>;
-    fn set_config(&self, key: &[u8], value: &[u8]) -> Result<()>;
-    fn remove_config(&self, key: &[u8]) -> Result<()>;
+    fn get_config(&self, key: &[u8], dest: &str) -> Result<Option<Vec<u8>>>;
+    fn set_config(&self, key: &[u8], value: &[u8], dest: &str) -> Result<()>;
+    fn remove_config(&self, key: &[u8], dest: &str) -> Result<()>;
 
-    fn exec_configs(&self, tx: ConfigTx) -> Result<()>;
+    fn exec_configs(&self, tx: ConfigTx, dest: &str) -> Result<()>;
 }
 
 #[derive(Default)]
@@ -41,8 +80,12 @@ impl ConfigTx {
 }
 
 pub trait ConfigurableExt: Configurable {
-    fn get_config_decoded<K: AsRef<[u8]>, T: Decode>(&self, key: &K) -> Result<Option<T>> {
-        match self.get_config(key.as_ref())? {
+    fn get_config_decoded<K: AsRef<[u8]>, T: Decode>(
+        &self,
+        key: &K,
+        dest: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<T>> {
+        match self.get_config(key.as_ref(), dest)? {
             Some(val) => Ok(Some(
                 T::from_ssz_bytes(&val).map_err(|e| anyhow!("SSZ decode error: {:?}", e))?,
             )),
@@ -50,36 +93,36 @@ pub trait ConfigurableExt: Configurable {
         }
     }
 
-    fn set_config_encoded<K: AsRef<[u8]>, T: Encode>(&self, key: &K, value: &T) -> Result<()> {
-        self.set_config(key.as_ref(), &value.as_ssz_bytes())
+    fn set_config_encoded<K: AsRef<[u8]>, T: Encode>(
+        &self,
+        key: &K,
+        value: &T,
+        dest: &str,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        self.set_config(key.as_ref(), &value.as_ssz_bytes(), dest)
     }
 
-    fn remove_config_by_key<K: AsRef<[u8]>>(&self, key: &K) -> Result<()> {
-        self.remove_config(key.as_ref())
+    fn remove_config_by_key<K: AsRef<[u8]>>(&self, key: &K, dest: &str) -> Result<()> {
+        self.remove_config(key.as_ref(), dest)
     }
 }
 
 impl<T: ?Sized + Configurable> ConfigurableExt for T {}
 
 impl Configurable for LogManager {
-    fn get_config(&self, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Vec<u8>>> {
-        Ok(self.flow_db.get(COL_MISC, key)?)
+    fn get_config(&self, key: &[u8], dest: &str) -> Result<Option<Vec<u8>>> {
+        db_operation!(self, dest, get, key)
     }
 
-    fn set_config(&self, key: &[u8], value: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
-        self.flow_db.put(COL_MISC, key, value)?;
-        Ok(())
+    fn set_config(&self, key: &[u8], value: &[u8], dest: &str) -> Result<()> {
+        db_operation!(self, dest, put, key, value)
     }
 
-    fn remove_config(&self, key: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
-        Ok(self.flow_db.delete(COL_MISC, key)?)
+    fn remove_config(&self, key: &[u8], dest: &str) -> Result<()> {
+        db_operation!(self, dest, delete, key)
     }
 
-    fn exec_configs(&self, tx: ConfigTx) -> Result<()> {
-        let mut db_tx = self.flow_db.transaction();
-        db_tx.ops = tx.ops;
-        self.flow_db.write(db_tx)?;
-
-        Ok(())
+    fn exec_configs(&self, tx: ConfigTx, dest: &str) -> Result<()> {
+        db_operation!(self, dest, transaction, tx)
     }
 }

node/storage/src/log_store/flow_store.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use super::load_chunk::EntryBatch;
+use super::log_manager::{COL_PAD_DATA_LIST, COL_PAD_DATA_SYNC_HEIGH};
 use super::seal_task_manager::SealTaskManager;
 use super::{MineLoadChunk, SealAnswer, SealTask};
 use crate::config::ShardConfig;
@@ -25,14 +26,16 @@ use tracing::{debug, error, trace};
 use zgs_spec::{BYTES_PER_SECTOR, SEALS_PER_LOAD, SECTORS_PER_LOAD, SECTORS_PER_SEAL};
 
 pub struct FlowStore {
+    flow_db: Arc<FlowDBStore>,
     data_db: Arc<FlowDBStore>,
     seal_manager: SealTaskManager,
     config: FlowConfig,
 }
 
 impl FlowStore {
-    pub fn new(data_db: Arc<FlowDBStore>, config: FlowConfig) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(flow_db: Arc<FlowDBStore>, data_db: Arc<FlowDBStore>, config: FlowConfig) -> Self {
         Self {
+            flow_db,
             data_db,
             seal_manager: Default::default(),
             config,
@@ -199,6 +202,14 @@ impl FlowRead for FlowStore {
     fn get_shard_config(&self) -> ShardConfig {
         *self.config.shard_config.read()
     }
+
+    fn get_pad_data(&self, start_index: u64) -> crate::error::Result<Option<Vec<PadPair>>> {
+        self.flow_db.get_pad_data(start_index)
+    }
+
+    fn get_pad_data_sync_height(&self) -> Result<Option<u64>> {
+        self.data_db.get_pad_data_sync_height()
+    }
 }
 
 impl FlowWrite for FlowStore {
@@ -266,6 +277,14 @@ impl FlowWrite for FlowStore {
     fn update_shard_config(&self, shard_config: ShardConfig) {
         *self.config.shard_config.write() = shard_config;
     }
+
+    fn put_pad_data(&self, data_sizes: &[PadPair], tx_seq: u64) -> crate::error::Result<()> {
+        self.flow_db.put_pad_data(data_sizes, tx_seq)
+    }
+
+    fn put_pad_data_sync_height(&self, sync_index: u64) -> crate::error::Result<()> {
+        self.data_db.put_pad_data_sync_height(sync_index)
+    }
 }
 
 impl FlowSeal for FlowStore {
@@ -343,6 +362,12 @@ impl FlowSeal for FlowStore {
     }
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, DeriveEncode, DeriveDecode)]
+pub struct PadPair {
+    pub start_index: u64,
+    pub data_size: u64,
+}
+
 pub struct FlowDBStore {
     kvdb: Arc<dyn ZgsKeyValueDB>,
 }
@@ -443,6 +468,48 @@ impl FlowDBStore {
         }
         Ok(self.kvdb.write(tx)?)
     }
+
+    fn put_pad_data(&self, data_sizes: &[PadPair], tx_seq: u64) -> Result<()> {
+        let mut tx = self.kvdb.transaction();
+
+        let mut buffer = Vec::new();
+        for item in data_sizes {
+            buffer.extend(item.as_ssz_bytes());
+        }
+
+        tx.put(COL_PAD_DATA_LIST, &tx_seq.to_be_bytes(), &buffer);
+        self.kvdb.write(tx)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn put_pad_data_sync_height(&self, tx_seq: u64) -> Result<()> {
+        let mut tx = self.kvdb.transaction();
+        tx.put(
+            COL_PAD_DATA_SYNC_HEIGH,
+            b"sync_height",
+            &tx_seq.to_be_bytes(),
+        );
+        self.kvdb.write(tx)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn get_pad_data_sync_height(&self) -> Result<Option<u64>> {
+        match self.kvdb.get(COL_PAD_DATA_SYNC_HEIGH, b"sync_height")? {
+            Some(v) => Ok(Some(u64::from_be_bytes(
+                v.try_into().map_err(|e| anyhow!("{:?}", e))?,
+            ))),
+            None => Ok(None),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn get_pad_data(&self, tx_seq: u64) -> Result<Option<Vec<PadPair>>> {
+        match self.kvdb.get(COL_PAD_DATA_LIST, &tx_seq.to_be_bytes())? {
+            Some(v) => Ok(Some(
+                Vec::<PadPair>::from_ssz_bytes(&v).map_err(Error::from)?,
+            )),
+            None => Ok(None),
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 #[derive(DeriveEncode, DeriveDecode, Clone, Debug)]

node/storage/src/log_store/log_manager.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-use super::tx_store::BlockHashAndSubmissionIndex;
-use super::{FlowSeal, MineLoadChunk, SealAnswer, SealTask};
 use crate::config::ShardConfig;
-use crate::log_store::flow_store::{batch_iter_sharded, FlowConfig, FlowDBStore, FlowStore};
-use crate::log_store::tx_store::TransactionStore;
+use crate::log_store::flow_store::{
+    batch_iter_sharded, FlowConfig, FlowDBStore, FlowStore, PadPair,
+};
+use crate::log_store::tx_store::{BlockHashAndSubmissionIndex, TransactionStore};
 use crate::log_store::{
-    FlowRead, FlowWrite, LogStoreChunkRead, LogStoreChunkWrite, LogStoreRead, LogStoreWrite,
+    FlowRead, FlowSeal, FlowWrite, LogStoreChunkRead, LogStoreChunkWrite, LogStoreRead,
+    LogStoreWrite, MineLoadChunk, SealAnswer, SealTask,
 };
 use crate::{try_option, ZgsKeyValueDB};
 use anyhow::{anyhow, bail, Result};
@@ -24,8 +25,8 @@ use shared_types::{
 use std::cmp::Ordering;
 
 use std::path::Path;
-use std::sync::mpsc;
 use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::Duration;
 use tracing::{debug, error, info, instrument, trace, warn};
 
 /// 256 Bytes
@@ -33,17 +34,21 @@ pub const ENTRY_SIZE: usize = 256;
 /// 1024 Entries.
 pub const PORA_CHUNK_SIZE: usize = 1024;
 
-pub const COL_TX: u32 = 0;
-pub const COL_ENTRY_BATCH: u32 = 1;
-pub const COL_TX_DATA_ROOT_INDEX: u32 = 2;
-pub const COL_ENTRY_BATCH_ROOT: u32 = 3;
-pub const COL_TX_COMPLETED: u32 = 4;
-pub const COL_MISC: u32 = 5;
-pub const COL_SEAL_CONTEXT: u32 = 6;
-pub const COL_FLOW_MPT_NODES: u32 = 7;
-pub const COL_BLOCK_PROGRESS: u32 = 8;
+pub const COL_TX: u32 = 0; // flow db
+pub const COL_ENTRY_BATCH: u32 = 1; // data db
+pub const COL_TX_DATA_ROOT_INDEX: u32 = 2; // flow db
+pub const COL_TX_COMPLETED: u32 = 3; // data db
+pub const COL_MISC: u32 = 4; // flow db & data db
+pub const COL_FLOW_MPT_NODES: u32 = 5; // flow db
+pub const COL_BLOCK_PROGRESS: u32 = 6; // flow db
+pub const COL_PAD_DATA_LIST: u32 = 7; // flow db
+pub const COL_PAD_DATA_SYNC_HEIGH: u32 = 8; // data db
 pub const COL_NUM: u32 = 9;
 
+pub const DATA_DB_KEY: &str = "data_db";
+pub const FLOW_DB_KEY: &str = "flow_db";
+const PAD_DELAY: Duration = Duration::from_secs(2);
+
 // Process at most 1M entries (256MB) pad data at a time.
 const PAD_MAX_SIZE: usize = 1 << 20;
 
@@ -62,10 +67,10 @@ pub struct UpdateFlowMessage {
 
 pub struct LogManager {
     pub(crate) flow_db: Arc<dyn ZgsKeyValueDB>,
+    pub(crate) data_db: Arc<dyn ZgsKeyValueDB>,
     tx_store: TransactionStore,
     flow_store: Arc<FlowStore>,
     merkle: RwLock<MerkleManager>,
-    sender: mpsc::Sender<UpdateFlowMessage>,
 }
 
 struct MerkleManager {
@@ -264,7 +269,12 @@ impl LogStoreWrite for LogManager {
         }
         let maybe_same_data_tx_seq = self.tx_store.put_tx(tx.clone())?.first().cloned();
         // TODO(zz): Should we validate received tx?
-        self.append_subtree_list(tx.start_entry_index, tx.merkle_nodes.clone(), &mut merkle)?;
+        self.append_subtree_list(
+            tx.seq,
+            tx.start_entry_index,
+            tx.merkle_nodes.clone(),
+            &mut merkle,
+        )?;
         merkle.commit_merkle(tx.seq)?;
         debug!(
             "commit flow root: root={:?}",
@@ -401,6 +411,42 @@ impl LogStoreWrite for LogManager {
     fn submit_seal_result(&self, answers: Vec<SealAnswer>) -> Result<()> {
         self.flow_store.submit_seal_result(answers)
     }
+
+    fn start_padding(&self, executor: &task_executor::TaskExecutor) {
+        let store = self.flow_store.clone();
+        executor.spawn(
+            async move {
+                let current_height = store.get_pad_data_sync_height().unwrap();
+                let mut start_index = current_height.unwrap_or(0);
+                loop {
+                    match store.get_pad_data(start_index) {
+                        std::result::Result::Ok(data) => {
+                            // Update the flow database.
+                            // This should be called before `complete_last_chunk_merkle` so that we do not save
+                            // subtrees with data known.
+                            if let Some(data) = data {
+                                for pad in data {
+                                    store
+                                        .append_entries(ChunkArray {
+                                            data: vec![0; pad.data_size as usize],
+                                            start_index: pad.start_index,
+                                        })
+                                        .unwrap();
+                                }
+                            };
+                            store.put_pad_data_sync_height(start_index).unwrap();
+                            start_index += 1;
+                        }
+                        std::result::Result::Err(_) => {
+                            debug!("Unable to get pad data, start_index={}", start_index);
+                            tokio::time::sleep(PAD_DELAY).await;
+                        }
+                    };
+                }
+            },
+            "pad_tx",
+        );
+    }
 }
 
 impl LogStoreChunkRead for LogManager {
@@ -614,31 +660,33 @@ impl LogManager {
         config: LogConfig,
         flow_path: impl AsRef<Path>,
         data_path: impl AsRef<Path>,
-        executor: task_executor::TaskExecutor,
     ) -> Result<Self> {
         let mut db_config = DatabaseConfig::with_columns(COL_NUM);
         db_config.enable_statistics = true;
         let flow_db_source = Arc::new(Database::open(&db_config, flow_path)?);
         let data_db_source = Arc::new(Database::open(&db_config, data_path)?);
-        Self::new(flow_db_source, data_db_source, config, executor)
+        Self::new(flow_db_source, data_db_source, config)
     }
 
-    pub fn memorydb(config: LogConfig, executor: task_executor::TaskExecutor) -> Result<Self> {
+    pub fn memorydb(config: LogConfig) -> Result<Self> {
         let flow_db = Arc::new(kvdb_memorydb::create(COL_NUM));
         let data_db = Arc::new(kvdb_memorydb::create(COL_NUM));
-        Self::new(flow_db, data_db, config, executor)
+        Self::new(flow_db, data_db, config)
     }
 
     fn new(
         flow_db_source: Arc<dyn ZgsKeyValueDB>,
         data_db_source: Arc<dyn ZgsKeyValueDB>,
         config: LogConfig,
-        executor: task_executor::TaskExecutor,
     ) -> Result<Self> {
-        let tx_store = TransactionStore::new(flow_db_source.clone())?;
+        let tx_store = TransactionStore::new(data_db_source.clone())?;
         let flow_db = Arc::new(FlowDBStore::new(flow_db_source.clone()));
         let data_db = Arc::new(FlowDBStore::new(data_db_source.clone()));
-        let flow_store = Arc::new(FlowStore::new(data_db.clone(), config.flow.clone()));
+        let flow_store = Arc::new(FlowStore::new(
+            flow_db.clone(),
+            data_db.clone(),
+            config.flow.clone(),
+        ));
         // If the last tx `put_tx` does not complete, we will revert it in `pora_chunks_merkle`
         // first and call `put_tx` later.
         let next_tx_seq = tx_store.next_tx_seq();
@@ -739,18 +787,14 @@ impl LogManager {
             last_chunk_merkle,
         });
 
-        let (sender, receiver) = mpsc::channel();
-
-        let mut log_manager = Self {
+        let log_manager = Self {
             flow_db: flow_db_source,
+            data_db: data_db_source,
             tx_store,
             flow_store,
             merkle,
-            sender,
         };
 
-        log_manager.start_receiver(receiver, executor);
-
         if let Some(tx) = last_tx_to_insert {
             log_manager.put_tx(tx)?;
         }
@@ -765,40 +809,6 @@ impl LogManager {
         Ok(log_manager)
     }
 
-    fn start_receiver(
-        &mut self,
-        rx: mpsc::Receiver<UpdateFlowMessage>,
-        executor: task_executor::TaskExecutor,
-    ) {
-        let flow_store = self.flow_store.clone();
-        executor.spawn(
-            async move {
-                loop {
-                    match rx.recv() {
-                        std::result::Result::Ok(data) => {
-                            // Update the flow database.
-                            // This should be called before `complete_last_chunk_merkle` so that we do not save
-                            // subtrees with data known.
-                            flow_store
-                                .append_entries(ChunkArray {
-                                    data: vec![0; data.pad_data],
-                                    start_index: data.tx_start_flow_index,
-                                })
-                                .unwrap();
-                        }
-                        std::result::Result::Err(_) => {
-                            debug!("Log manager inner channel closed");
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    };
-                }
-            },
-            "pad_tx",
-        );
-        // Wait for the spawned thread to finish
-        // let _ = handle.join().expect("Thread panicked");
-    }
-
     fn gen_proof(&self, flow_index: u64, maybe_root: Option<DataRoot>) -> Result<FlowProof> {
         match maybe_root {
             None => self.gen_proof_at_version(flow_index, None),
@@ -854,6 +864,7 @@ impl LogManager {
     #[instrument(skip(self, merkle))]
     fn append_subtree_list(
         &self,
+        tx_seq: u64,
         tx_start_index: u64,
         merkle_list: Vec<(usize, DataRoot)>,
         merkle: &mut MerkleManager,
@@ -862,7 +873,7 @@ impl LogManager {
             return Ok(());
         }
 
-        self.pad_tx(tx_start_index, &mut *merkle)?;
+        self.pad_tx(tx_seq, tx_start_index, &mut *merkle)?;
 
         for (subtree_depth, subtree_root) in merkle_list {
             let subtree_size = 1 << (subtree_depth - 1);
@@ -900,7 +911,7 @@ impl LogManager {
     }
 
     #[instrument(skip(self, merkle))]
-    fn pad_tx(&self, tx_start_index: u64, merkle: &mut MerkleManager) -> Result<()> {
+    fn pad_tx(&self, tx_seq: u64, tx_start_index: u64, merkle: &mut MerkleManager) -> Result<()> {
         // Check if we need to pad the flow.
         let mut tx_start_flow_index =
             merkle.last_chunk_start_index() + merkle.last_chunk_merkle.leaves() as u64;
@@ -910,6 +921,7 @@ impl LogManager {
             merkle.pora_chunks_merkle.leaves(),
             merkle.last_chunk_merkle.leaves()
         );
+        let mut pad_list = vec![];
         if pad_size != 0 {
             for pad_data in Self::padding(pad_size as usize) {
                 let mut is_full_empty = true;
@@ -954,10 +966,10 @@ impl LogManager {
 
                 let data_size = pad_data.len() / ENTRY_SIZE;
                 if is_full_empty {
-                    self.sender.send(UpdateFlowMessage {
-                        pad_data: pad_data.len(),
-                        tx_start_flow_index,
-                    })?;
+                    pad_list.push(PadPair {
+                        data_size: pad_data.len() as u64,
+                        start_index: tx_start_flow_index,
+                    });
                 } else {
                     // Update the flow database.
                     // This should be called before `complete_last_chunk_merkle` so that we do not save
@@ -979,6 +991,8 @@ impl LogManager {
             merkle.pora_chunks_merkle.leaves(),
             merkle.last_chunk_merkle.leaves()
         );
+
+        self.flow_store.put_pad_data(&pad_list, tx_seq)?;
         Ok(())
     }
 

node/storage/src/log_store/mod.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use crate::config::ShardConfig;
 
 use ethereum_types::H256;
+use flow_store::PadPair;
 use shared_types::{
     Chunk, ChunkArray, ChunkArrayWithProof, ChunkWithProof, DataRoot, FlowProof, FlowRangeProof,
     Transaction,
@@ -158,6 +159,8 @@ pub trait LogStoreWrite: LogStoreChunkWrite {
     fn update_shard_config(&self, shard_config: ShardConfig);
 
     fn submit_seal_result(&self, answers: Vec<SealAnswer>) -> Result<()>;
+
+    fn start_padding(&self, executor: &task_executor::TaskExecutor);
 }
 
 pub trait LogStoreChunkWrite {
@@ -217,6 +220,10 @@ pub trait FlowRead {
     fn get_num_entries(&self) -> Result<u64>;
 
     fn get_shard_config(&self) -> ShardConfig;
+
+    fn get_pad_data(&self, start_index: u64) -> Result<Option<Vec<PadPair>>>;
+
+    fn get_pad_data_sync_height(&self) -> Result<Option<u64>>;
 }
 
 pub trait FlowWrite {
@@ -231,6 +238,10 @@ pub trait FlowWrite {
 
     /// Update the shard config.
     fn update_shard_config(&self, shard_config: ShardConfig);
+
+    fn put_pad_data(&self, data_sizes: &[PadPair], tx_seq: u64) -> Result<()>;
+
+    fn put_pad_data_sync_height(&self, tx_seq: u64) -> Result<()>;
 }
 
 pub struct SealTask {
@@ -269,3 +280,23 @@ pub trait FlowSeal {
 
 pub trait Flow: FlowRead + FlowWrite + FlowSeal {}
 impl<T: FlowRead + FlowWrite + FlowSeal> Flow for T {}
+
+pub trait PadDataStoreRead {
+    fn get_pad_data(&self, start_index: u64) -> Result<Option<Vec<PadPair>>>;
+    fn get_pad_data_sync_height(&self) -> Result<Option<u64>>;
+}
+
+pub trait PadDataStoreWrite {
+    fn put_pad_data(&self, data_sizes: &[PadPair], tx_seq: u64) -> Result<()>;
+    fn put_pad_data_sync_height(&self, tx_seq: u64) -> Result<()>;
+    fn start_padding(&mut self, executor: &task_executor::TaskExecutor);
+}
+
+pub trait PadDataStore:
+    PadDataStoreRead + PadDataStoreWrite + config::Configurable + Send + Sync + 'static
+{
+}
+impl<T: PadDataStoreRead + PadDataStoreWrite + config::Configurable + Send + Sync + 'static>
+    PadDataStore for T
+{
+}

node/storage/src/log_store/tests.rs

@@ -9,15 +9,10 @@ use rand::random;
 use shared_types::{compute_padded_chunk_size, ChunkArray, Transaction, CHUNK_SIZE};
 use std::cmp;
 
-use task_executor::test_utils::TestRuntime;
-
 #[test]
 fn test_put_get() {
     let config = LogConfig::default();
-    let runtime = TestRuntime::default();
-
-    let executor = runtime.task_executor.clone();
-    let store = LogManager::memorydb(config.clone(), executor).unwrap();
+    let store = LogManager::memorydb(config.clone()).unwrap();
     let chunk_count = config.flow.batch_size + config.flow.batch_size / 2 - 1;
     // Aligned with size.
     let start_offset = 1024;
@@ -174,10 +169,7 @@ fn test_put_tx() {
 
 fn create_store() -> LogManager {
     let config = LogConfig::default();
-    let runtime = TestRuntime::default();
-    let executor = runtime.task_executor.clone();
-
-    LogManager::memorydb(config, executor).unwrap()
+    LogManager::memorydb(config).unwrap()
 }
 
 fn put_tx(store: &mut LogManager, chunk_count: usize, seq: u64) {

node/sync/src/auto_sync/sync_store.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use super::tx_store::TxStore;
 use anyhow::Result;
 use std::sync::Arc;
-use storage::log_store::config::{ConfigTx, ConfigurableExt};
+use storage::log_store::{
+    config::{ConfigTx, ConfigurableExt},
+    log_manager::DATA_DB_KEY,
+};
 use storage_async::Store;
 use tokio::sync::RwLock;
 
@@ -66,10 +69,10 @@ impl SyncStore {
         let store = async_store.get_store();
 
         // load next_tx_seq
-        let next_tx_seq = store.get_config_decoded(&KEY_NEXT_TX_SEQ)?;
+        let next_tx_seq = store.get_config_decoded(&KEY_NEXT_TX_SEQ, DATA_DB_KEY)?;
 
         // load max_tx_seq
-        let max_tx_seq = store.get_config_decoded(&KEY_MAX_TX_SEQ)?;
+        let max_tx_seq = store.get_config_decoded(&KEY_MAX_TX_SEQ, DATA_DB_KEY)?;
 
         Ok((next_tx_seq, max_tx_seq))
     }
@@ -77,13 +80,13 @@ impl SyncStore {
     pub async fn set_next_tx_seq(&self, tx_seq: u64) -> Result<()> {
         let async_store = self.store.write().await;
         let store = async_store.get_store();
-        store.set_config_encoded(&KEY_NEXT_TX_SEQ, &tx_seq)
+        store.set_config_encoded(&KEY_NEXT_TX_SEQ, &tx_seq, DATA_DB_KEY)
     }
 
     pub async fn set_max_tx_seq(&self, tx_seq: u64) -> Result<()> {
         let async_store = self.store.write().await;
         let store = async_store.get_store();
-        store.set_config_encoded(&KEY_MAX_TX_SEQ, &tx_seq)
+        store.set_config_encoded(&KEY_MAX_TX_SEQ, &tx_seq, DATA_DB_KEY)
     }
 
     pub async fn contains(&self, tx_seq: u64) -> Result<Option<Queue>> {
@@ -114,7 +117,7 @@ impl SyncStore {
                 }
 
                 let removed = self.pending_txs.remove(store, Some(&mut tx), tx_seq)?;
-                store.exec_configs(tx)?;
+                store.exec_configs(tx, DATA_DB_KEY)?;
 
                 if removed {
                     Ok(InsertResult::Upgraded)
@@ -128,7 +131,7 @@ impl SyncStore {
                 }
 
                 let removed = self.ready_txs.remove(store, Some(&mut tx), tx_seq)?;
-                store.exec_configs(tx)?;
+                store.exec_configs(tx, DATA_DB_KEY)?;
 
                 if removed {
                     Ok(InsertResult::Downgraded)
@@ -151,7 +154,7 @@ impl SyncStore {
 
         let added = self.ready_txs.add(store, Some(&mut tx), tx_seq)?;
 
-        store.exec_configs(tx)?;
+        store.exec_configs(tx, DATA_DB_KEY)?;
 
         Ok(added)
     }

node/sync/src/auto_sync/tx_store.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use anyhow::Result;
 use rand::Rng;
 use storage::log_store::config::{ConfigTx, ConfigurableExt};
+use storage::log_store::log_manager::DATA_DB_KEY;
 use storage::log_store::Store;
 
 /// TxStore is used to store pending transactions that to be synchronized in advance.
@@ -32,11 +33,11 @@ impl TxStore {
     }
 
     fn index_of(&self, store: &dyn Store, tx_seq: u64) -> Result<Option<usize>> {
-        store.get_config_decoded(&self.key_seq_to_index(tx_seq))
+        store.get_config_decoded(&self.key_seq_to_index(tx_seq), DATA_DB_KEY)
     }
 
     fn at(&self, store: &dyn Store, index: usize) -> Result<Option<u64>> {
-        store.get_config_decoded(&self.key_index_to_seq(index))
+        store.get_config_decoded(&self.key_index_to_seq(index), DATA_DB_KEY)
     }
 
     pub fn has(&self, store: &dyn Store, tx_seq: u64) -> Result<bool> {
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ impl TxStore {
 
     pub fn count(&self, store: &dyn Store) -> Result<usize> {
         store
-            .get_config_decoded(&self.key_count)
+            .get_config_decoded(&self.key_count, DATA_DB_KEY)
             .map(|x| x.unwrap_or(0))
     }
 
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ impl TxStore {
         if let Some(db_tx) = db_tx {
             db_tx.append(&mut tx);
         } else {
-            store.exec_configs(tx)?;
+            store.exec_configs(tx, DATA_DB_KEY)?;
         }
 
         Ok(true)
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ impl TxStore {
         if let Some(db_tx) = db_tx {
             db_tx.append(&mut tx);
         } else {
-            store.exec_configs(tx)?;
+            store.exec_configs(tx, DATA_DB_KEY)?;
         }
 
         Ok(true)

node/sync/src/controllers/serial.rs

@@ -1657,7 +1657,7 @@ mod tests {
         let num_chunks = 123;
 
         let config = LogConfig::default();
-        let store = Arc::new(LogManager::memorydb(config, task_executor.clone()).unwrap());
+        let store = Arc::new(LogManager::memorydb(config).unwrap());
 
         create_controller(task_executor, peer_id, store, tx_id, num_chunks)
     }

node/sync/src/service.rs

@@ -1348,9 +1348,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         let config = LogConfig::default();
 
-        let executor = runtime.task_executor.clone();
-
-        let store = Arc::new(LogManager::memorydb(config.clone(), executor).unwrap());
+        let store = Arc::new(LogManager::memorydb(config.clone()).unwrap());
 
         let init_peer_id = identity::Keypair::generate_ed25519().public().to_peer_id();
         let file_location_cache: Arc<FileLocationCache> =

node/sync/src/test_util.rs

@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ use storage::{
     LogManager,
 };
 
-use task_executor::test_utils::TestRuntime;
-
 /// Creates stores for local node and peers with initialized transaction of specified chunk count.
 /// The first store is for local node, and data not stored. The second store is for peers, and all
 /// transactions are finalized for file sync.
@@ -24,11 +22,8 @@ pub fn create_2_store(
     Vec<Vec<u8>>,
 ) {
     let config = LogConfig::default();
-    let runtime = TestRuntime::default();
-
-    let executor = runtime.task_executor.clone();
-    let mut store = LogManager::memorydb(config.clone(), executor.clone()).unwrap();
-    let mut peer_store = LogManager::memorydb(config, executor).unwrap();
+    let mut store = LogManager::memorydb(config.clone()).unwrap();
+    let mut peer_store = LogManager::memorydb(config).unwrap();
 
     let mut offset = 1;
     let mut txs = vec![];
@@ -120,10 +115,7 @@ pub mod tests {
 
     impl TestStoreRuntime {
         pub fn new_store() -> impl LogStore {
-            let runtime = TestRuntime::default();
-
-            let executor = runtime.task_executor.clone();
-            LogManager::memorydb(LogConfig::default(), executor).unwrap()
+            LogManager::memorydb(LogConfig::default()).unwrap()
         }
 
         pub fn new(store: Arc<dyn LogStore>) -> TestStoreRuntime {