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92 lines
3.1 KiB
Markdown
92 lines
3.1 KiB
Markdown
# The libp2p 'host'
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For most applications, the host is the basic building block you'll need to get started. This guide will show how to construct and use a simple host on one side, and a more fully-featured host on the other.
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The host is an abstraction that manages services on top of a swarm. It provides a clean interface to connect to a service on a given remote peer.
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If you want to create a host with a default configuration, you can do the following:
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```go
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import (
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"crypto/rand"
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"fmt"
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"github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p"
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"github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p-core/crypto"
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)
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// To construct a simple host with all the default settings, just use `New`
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h, err := libp2p.New()
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if err != nil {
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panic(err)
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}
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defer h.Close()
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fmt.Printf("Hello World, my hosts ID is %s\n", h.ID())
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```
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If you want more control over the configuration, you can specify some options to the constructor. For a full list of all the configuration supported by the constructor [see the different options in the docs](https://godoc.org/github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p).
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In this snippet we set a number of useful options like a custom ID and enable routing. This will improve discoverability and reachability of the peer on NAT'ed environments:
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```go
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// Set your own keypair
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priv, _, err := crypto.GenerateKeyPair(
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crypto.Ed25519, // Select your key type. Ed25519 are nice short
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-1, // Select key length when possible (i.e. RSA).
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)
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if err != nil {
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panic(err)
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}
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var idht *dht.IpfsDHT
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h2, err := libp2p.New(
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// Use the keypair we generated
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libp2p.Identity(priv),
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// Multiple listen addresses
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libp2p.ListenAddrStrings(
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"/ip4/0.0.0.0/tcp/9000", // regular tcp connections
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"/ip4/0.0.0.0/udp/9000/quic", // a UDP endpoint for the QUIC transport
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),
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// support TLS connections
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libp2p.Security(libp2ptls.ID, libp2ptls.New),
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// support Noise connections
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libp2p.Security(noise.ID, noise.New),
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// support QUIC
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libp2p.Transport(libp2pquic.NewTransport),
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// support any other default transports (TCP)
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libp2p.DefaultTransports,
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// Let's prevent our peer from having too many
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// connections by attaching a connection manager.
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libp2p.ConnectionManager(connmgr.NewConnManager(
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100, // Lowwater
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400, // HighWater,
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time.Minute, // GracePeriod
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)),
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// Attempt to open ports using uPNP for NATed hosts.
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libp2p.NATPortMap(),
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// Let this host use the DHT to find other hosts
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libp2p.Routing(func(h host.Host) (routing.PeerRouting, error) {
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idht, err = dht.New(ctx, h)
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return idht, err
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}),
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// Let this host use relays and advertise itself on relays if
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// it finds it is behind NAT. Use libp2p.Relay(options...) to
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// enable active relays and more.
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libp2p.EnableAutoRelay(),
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)
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if err != nil {
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panic(err)
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}
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defer h2.Close()
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fmt.Printf("Hello World, my second hosts ID is %s\n", h2.ID())
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```
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And that's it, you have a libp2p host and you're ready to start doing some awesome p2p networking!
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In future guides we will go over ways to use hosts, configure them differently (hint: there are a huge number of ways to set these up), and interesting ways to apply this technology to various applications you might want to build.
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To see this code all put together, take a look at [host.go](host.go).
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